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The purpose of performance testing is to evaluate how an application performs under varying loads and conditions, ensuring that it can handle the expected user traffic and interaction without significant degradation in response time or functionality. This type of testing focuses on key performance indicators such as response time, transaction throughput, and resource utilization when the application is subjected to high levels of use.

By understanding these performance characteristics, teams can identify potential bottlenecks or weaknesses in the application that need addressing before deployment to production environments. This is critical for ensuring a smooth and efficient user experience, especially during peak usage periods.

In contrast, other options focus on different aspects of software quality assurance. For instance, verifying feature specifications relates to functional testing, which confirms whether the application meets predefined criteria. Assessing user interface design involves usability testing rather than performance metrics. Testing the application's code for bugs is associated with debugging and unit testing, which concentrates on the code’s correctness rather than its performance under load.